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page 40
DID GURU GOBIND SINGH WORSHIP CHANDI DEVI BHAGVATI ?
(Note: This is to clarify some points, on above subject, in the article written by Dr. Debabrata Das of Kolkata printed in Sikh Review of January, 2008)
Dr. D. Das has very nicely interpreted the quotations from Guru Granth Sahib on pages 227, 456, 1138 and 1162 on the principle of worshipping one and only from Guru Granth Sahib on pages 227, 456, 1138 and 1162 on the principle of worshipping one and only transcendental Brahm (Nirguna Brahm). He has very correctly summed up that
(1) Sikhs reject all the gods and the goddesses,
(2) these deities, being under the influence of Maya, are unable to know the secrets of the Lord,
(3) these deities cannot help their devotees in the attainment of emancipation,
(4) these deities are prone to death like other beings.
So far all O.K.
Dr. D. Das has not gone deep into the question “Who is the Author of the Bachitra Natak Granth or the socalled Dasam Granth?” Critical study of this Granth reveals the names of the poet Shyaam (Kabi Shyaam) , poet Raam (Kabi Raam) and poet Kaal (Kabi Kaal). These poets were worshippers of Mahakal-Kalka ordestructive-Ardh-narishwar form of Shiv/Durga; the fact amply proved by following statement in the Bachitra Natak Granth or the so called Dasam Granth:-
Sarabkaal hai Pitaa apaaraa .
Debi Kaalka Maat hamaaraa ( page 73)
Reference to Mahakal (destructive form of Shiv) is taken from Shiv Purana (story of Dvadash-lingama) and reference to Kalka (destructive form of goddess Parbati / Durga) is taken from Markanday Purana. In Debi-Ustat (page 809 in Bachitra Natak Granth) many names have been assigned to this goddess (derived from Markanday Purana’s Durga Sapt-shatee, 700 shlokas or verses), such as Durga, Bhavani, Shakti, Bhagvati, Shiva, Kaali, Mahakaali, Kaal, Kaalka, Chhimaa, Manglaa, totalaa and so on.
Even the composition wrongly-called Akaal Ustat has 20 stanzas (211 to 230) praising Goddess Durga, the killer of demon Mahikhasur; last line of each stanza is Jai jai Hosee Mahikhasur mardan…which shows that Akaal Ustat is actually Kaal – Ustat or Devi-Durga-Ustat.
Poets Shyaam & Raam further emphasise that they are worshippers of Mahakal / Kalka:-
Maen Na Ganeshaeh Pritham Manaun.
Kishan Bishan Kabhun Na Dheayaun
Kaan sunay Pehchaan na tinn sion.
Liv laagee Moree pug ein sion
MAHAAKAAL Rakhvaaar Hamaaro.
Mahaaloh Hum Kinkar Thaaro.
(Page 309 of B.N. Grnth)
These lines very clearly show that writers know no other deity than Mahakaal, also called Mahaaloh. A disciple (Sikh) of Mahakaal is beptised by forcing him to drink wine & narcotics :-
Eh Chhal so Misrah Chhalaa Paahan Dae Bahaae.] Mahakaal ko Sikh Kar Madiraa Bhaang ivaae.]
(page 1210 of Bachittar Natak Granth)
In Mahakal / Kalka temples OR Shiv / Parvati temples madira (alcohol/wine) & Bhang (intoxicant) are distributed as PRASAD , whereas Guru Granth Sahib very strongly forbids the consumption of alcohol, wine, drugs, narcotics etc. in any form as an intoxicant:
Amrit Ka Vapaaree hovae Kyaa Mad Chhuchhae Bhao
Dhrae. (page 360;Guru Granth Sahib)
Thus, we can easily conclude that Bachittar Natak Granth or the so-called Dasam Granth was not written by Guru Gobind Singh, because in this Granth:
(i) one & only transcendental Brahm (ੴ) is not worshipped;
(ii) consumption of wine/alcohol/ intoxicants is permitted;
(iii) adultery / homosexuality is also allowed;
(iv) women are defamed ; said to be treacherous;
(v) writer-poets commit mistakes / wrong history etc. &
permit the reader to mistakes
All these are opposed to basic principles laid down in the holy Guru Granth Sahib.
We have to interpret the verses from the so-called Dasam granth with reference to context, especially Bhagvati in Chandi Chritras. In Var Sri Bhagauti ji ki or Durga ki Var (see ending remarks in earlier copies of Bachitra Natak Granth ) where First stanza begins with ‘Pritham Bhgauti Simar Ke…’ and the last 55th stanza is “ Durga Paath Banaeya Sabhaey Pauriaan…”that entire composition is Durga-Paath only (translated form of 700 shlokas) & this proves beyond any doubt that Bhagvati is Durga, the killer of demons named Mahikhasur, Dhumar-lochan, Shumbh, Nishumbh etc. as described in Markanday Puraan and translated by Poets Shyaam, Raam & Kaal (apparent reason for three-Durga-chritras in Dasam granth).
In the following line of Guru Granth Sahib, Sukhmani Mahla 5, Bhagauti Bhagwant Bhagat Ka Rang, Bhagauti is in entirely different context; here Bhagauti is a ‘person’ who is devotee of ੴ, the formless God.
The title Patshaahee 10 written on some pages of the so-called Dasam Granth is also a big fraud. This fraud is revealed on page 155 of this so-called Dasam Granth when we go through the lines:
Patshaahee10. Ath Chaubees Avtar. …Barnat ‘Shyaam’ Jathaa Mat Bhaaee. Name of the writer / Poet Shyaam is very clearly written and this leaves no doubt that Patshahee 10 is written by some mischievous person to defame Guru Gobind Singh and to misguide the Sikhs ; this fraud / trick is played in similar way on page 669 of the so-called Dasam Granth also. In Guru Granth Sahib, Mahla 1, Mahla 2, Mahla 9 are written for Gurus upto 9th but for tenth Guru why is Patshaahee 10 instead of Mahla 10 ? Sikhs, having utmost regard for the Guru, used to address the Guru very humbly with the word Patshaah and thus, Patshaahee 10 is not written by the Guru but by some-one else with malafide intentions. All research scholars should read original texts and should not just copy other writers; secondary evidence is usually not reliable.
While quoting Sikh history, we have to be careful to analyse it in the light of Guru Granth Sahib Vaani and philosophy. Any story that goes against Gurbanee and /or Sikh traditions is not Sikh History which could be distorted by some anti-Guru writers; the fact rightly understood by Dr. D. Das. All the Sikh Gurus were the same Jyot (ੴ) & preached same way / principles of life (jugat) as clarified in Guru Granth Sahib:-
Jot ohaa Jugat Saai
Saih Kaaeyaa Pher palateeae.
(Page 966 , Guru Grnth Sahib)
Sixth Guru, Guru Hargobind Sahib, after the martyrdom of his father Guru, Guru Arjan Sahib, kept two swords and this tradition of martial spirit was kept alive by the successors. Ninth Guru, Guru Teg Bahadar Sahib earned this name when he showed prowess in fighting with a sword (Teg) when he was 14 years of age, in a battle against Muslim forces. These Gurus never called sword or Khanda as any Goddess as Creator and nowhere they said anything which could be similar to saying “Jai Tegum…” Why should Guru Gobind Singh be defamed as worshipper of Khanda / Teg / Devi CHANDI /SHIVA etc.etc.? It is an historical fact that Bhai Lehna (who later on became 2nd Guru of the Sikhs, Guru Angad) was worshipper of Devi Durga, but after serving Guru Nanak for many years, he clearly understood the real path to God, the GURMAT, and the reality that Devi Durga cannot help him in attainment emancipation. This is very clearly written in the Holy Guru Granth Sahib :
Tu Kaheeat hi Adi-Bhavani.
Mukat ki bareeaa kahaan chhapaanee. ( page 874)
It is further clarified in Gurbani, Gaurhi Sukhmani
Mahla 5:
Jab Nirgun Prabh Sahaj Subhai.
Tab Shiv Shakti kahau kit thaien.
which means that, when God did not create the visible world/universe, where were Shiva and his wife Parvati (Shakti)? i. e. these so-called Gods & Godesses did not exist.
This year, the Sikhs are celebrating 300th anniversary of Guruship of Guru Granth Sahib. Guruship was endowed by Guru Gobind Singh 300 years ago on this very Granth only which was got written by Guru Gobind Singh at Sabo Ki Talvandi (Punjab) after including Gurbani of Ninth Guru in the Adi Granth. At that time Dasam Granth did not even exist (refer to introduction by Dr. Ratan Singh Jaggi in the first volume translating the so-called Dasam Granth in five volumes); this is an historical fact every historian ought to know.
In nutshell, we conclude that the so-called Dasam Granth, which was originally named as Bachitra Natak Granth, is based on Markanday Puraan, Shiv Puraan, Srimad Bhaagvat Puran (stories of Ramayan, Krisnavtaar, 24 avtaars of Vishnu) and translated by the poets Shyaam, Raam etc in a language, style and principles entirely different from those of the Nine Sikh Guru Nanak(s) & Guru Granth Sahib. Guru Gobind Singh during Guruship period (1675 to1708) never visited Hemkunt & never written or followed or preached anything against the holy Guru Granth Sahib. He was undoubtedly worshipper of only & only ੴ.
GURU GOBIND SINGH NEVER WORSHIPPED DURGA / CHANDI / SHIVA / KALKA. Every Gur- Sikh should follow Guru Granth Sahib only as ordained by Guru Gobind Singh in 1708. All other Granths are just literature (Kachchee Bani) and not Gurbani.
(Dalbir Singh, M.Sc.,31-D, Madan Park, East Punjabi Bagh, New Delhi- 110026, Ph.91-9899058458)